The study of the genealogical structure in the active part of the population in dynamics provides an opportunity to determine the level of genetic diversity, identify valuable hereditary traits and evaluate the effectiveness of breeding programs. A complete understanding of the diversity in the dairy cattle population makes it possible to determine the directions of long-term planning, both for an individual herd and for large-scale breeding within the population of the region. The purpose of the research is to study the dynamics of the genealogical structure of the dairy cattle population active part in the Omsk region. The number of animals included in the study was 6537 heads. The genealogical affiliation of cows to the line was determined by the linear affiliation of the animal's father. The analysis of the dynamics of the livestock number, various lines and genealogical structure was carried out in the period from 2021 to 2025. The Vis Back Ideal line owned the majority of livestock in 2021, 2022 and 2025 – 58.6%, 48.3% and 54.4%, respectively. In 2023 and 2024, a larger percentage of the studied livestock was attributed to the Reflection Sovering line – 44.8% and 45.4%, respectively. For the entire analyzed period, only a small part of the livestock, 0.3–5.2% of the studied livestock, was attributed to the Xiling Trajun Rokit line. The maximum proportion of animals classified in the Montwick Chieftain line was recorded in 2024 – 15.4%, and the minimum – in 2025 – 6.0%. In the northern forest-steppe zone, dairy cattle of the Vis Back Industrial line are mainly bred, their share in the total livestock is 65%. It is the animals of this line that have adapted as much as possible to the rather harsh climate of this zone, better acclimatize and tolerate stressful factors resulting from a sudden change in weather. The dynamics of changes in the population genealogical structure shows that the systematic use of the same lines in the breeding of dairy cattle can exclude valuable genes of the Montwig Chieftain line from the population. In order to preserve the biodiversity and unique qualities of some factory lines, it is necessary to take into account the linear affiliation of the parent pairs when selecting.
factory line, dairy farming, biodiversity, genealogical structure, population
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