Agricultural production in risky farming zones has its own distinctive characteristics, particularly where natural, climatic, and production conditions prevent adequate soil preparation in the fall after harvesting for subsequent agricultural operations. Research conducted between 2023 and 2025 found that soil preparation for sowing on farms in the Amur Region after soybean harvesting is carried out immediately before sowing. Due to limited agronomic timeframes for spring fieldwork, farms primarily use no–till methods using heavy disc tillage machines. On farms with 500–600 hectares of cultivated land, soil–cultivating machine–tractor units (MTUs) consisting of Belarus series tractors (traction class 1.4–2) and a BDT–3 heavy disc harrow are typically used for these purposes. This article presents data on the use of an MTU, consisting of a Belarus 82.1 tractor and a BDT–3 harrow, for soil preparation for spring sowing. Field trials were conducted at the Seed Production Department of the Far Eastern State Agrarian University, where the soils are meadow chernozem– like with a medium–heavy loam texture. Experimental data reveals that extending the rod from 0.21 m to 0.33 m resulted in a rise in force exerted on the rear supports (drivers), shifting from 22,000 N to 33,550 N. This phenomenon is attributed to a partial transfer of load from the harrows to the active components of the BDT-3 unit. Redistributing the force load within the harrowing machine–tractor unit allows for a short–term increase in the traction qualities of the power vehicle (tractor) in field areas with low bearing capacity. Field tests revealed that using the MTU with an adapted harrow increased the travel speed by 11.1–11.9% compared to the standard version.
power vehicle, heavy disc harrow, bdt-3, soil, harrowing unit, tractor
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25. sv1955@mail.ru; Shkol'nikov Pavel Nikolaevich, d-r tehn. nauk, doc., pavel.shkolnikov@mail.ru; Krivuca Zoya Fedorovna, d-r tehn. nauk, prof., zfk20091@mail.ru * ; Polikutina Elena Sergeevna, kand tehn. nauk, doc., e.polikytina@mail.ru; Ermakov Denis Vladimirovich, aspirant, denermakov00@gmail.com Schitov Sergey Vasil'evich Shitov Shitov Sergey V., Doc. of Techn. Sci Krivutsa Zoya F Doc. of Techn. Sci. Prof., zfk20091@mail.ru *
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