Changes in the indicators of the yield structure have been established when using leaf fertilizing in the cultivation of spring durum wheat varieties according to various precursors in the forest-steppe zone. Field experiments were conducted in Omsk State Agrarian University on meadow-chernozem medium-sized medium-humus heavy loamy soil in 2022-2023. Varieties of spring durum wheat Omsk emerald and Rusticano. The content of N-NO 3 in the soil is high (15.1-19.2 mg/kg) for steam and low (5.4-8.0 mg/kg) for spring wheat, mobile P 2 O 5 is increased (148-165 mg/kg) and K 2 O (328-345 mg/kg) is very high, mobile Cu (0.06-0.07 mg/kg) and Zn (0.50-0.53 mg/kg) is low. Fertilizers were used in the following doses: N 30 (D.V. in the form of carbamide), micro fertilizers (ph.m. in the form of sulfates) Cu 0.5 , Zn 0.1 , Cu 0.5 Zn 0.1 , and N 30 Cu 0.5 Zn 0.1 ; Microvit standard (complex macro- and micro-fertilizer, 0.8 l/ha); growth regulator Biostim grain (1 l/ha). In the arable horizon, a high content of nitrate nitrogen before sowing provided a higher yield of varieties (without fertilizing, the Omsk emerald variety 2.69 and Rusticano 2.98 t/ha) than for spring wheat by steam (2.05 and 2.19 t/ha, respectively). The use of all non-root top dressing significantly affected the grain yield of varieties: Omsk Emerald has an increase in steam of 0.12-0.96 t/ha, for spring wheat after steam - 0.23-1.00 t/ha; Rusticano, respectively, 0.18-0.86 t/ha and 0.10-1.14 t/ha. The maximum yield was obtained from N 30 Cu 0.5 Zn 0.1 on both backgrounds of the predecessor in both varieties. Nitrogen fertilizing, both separately and in combination with trace elements, is more effective when there is a lack of nitrate nitrogen in the soil. The productive bushiness of the Omsk emerald variety against the background of an unpaired predecessor is significantly higher than in pairs; in wheat plants of the Rusticano variety, it is also higher in pairs, but to a lesser extent. In the Rusticano variety (on average, according to experience, 1.45), it is significantly less than in the Omsk emerald variety (1.89). The mass of 1000 grains of the Rusticano variety (on average 43.8) exceeds this indicator of the Omsk emerald variety (42.25). When using fertilizers and a growth regulator, it increased in all variants on both backgrounds of the precursor in the studied varieties.
hard spring wheat, foliar feeding, precursor, variety, structure
1. Zhurbickiy Z.I. Fiziologicheskie i agrohimicheskie osnovy primeneniya udobreniy. M.: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1963. 294 s.
2. Primenenie mineral'nyh udobreniy na obyknovennom chernozeme v plodosmennom zvene polevogo zernoparovogo sevooborota / E.P. Boldysheva, V.A. Chudinov, V.I. Popova, A.I. Bekmagambetov // Vestnik Omskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2020. № 3(39). S. 20-28. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ZHNNUQ
3. Reakciya sortov yarovoy tverdoy pshenicy na udobreniya i normy vyseva pri vozdelyvanii po tehnologii No-till v stepnoy zone Altayskogo kraya / M.A. Rozova, A.I. Ziborov, V.I. Usenko, E.E. Egiazaryan // Dostizheniya nauki i tehniki APK. 2019. № 10. S. 34-39. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ENMOVY
4. Effektivnost' azotnogo udobreniya zernovyh kul'tur razlichnyh sortov / S.A. Shafran, A.S. Hachidze, M.G. Mamedov, A.I. Vasil'ev // Agrohimiya. 2006. № 7. S. 13-19. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HUGDDF
5. Bobrenko I.A., Goman N.V., Vakalova E.A. Bioenergeticheskaya effektivnost' opudrivaniya semyan mikroelementami (Zn, Cu, Mn) pri vozdelyvanii yarovoy pshenicy v usloviyah lesostepi Zapadnoy Sibiri // Vestnik Omskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2016. № 1(21). S. 70-76. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/TQWLTO
6. Vasin V.G., Burunov A.N., Vasin A.V. Primenenie mikroudobreniy i stimulyatorov rosta pri vozdelyvanii polevyh kul'tur (yarovaya pshenica, goroh, kukuruza): monografiya. Samara: SamGAU, 2019. 323 s. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HMHQVJ
7. Volkova V.A. K voprosu o primenenii soedineniy medi v tehnologii vozdelyvaniya yarovoy myagkoy pshenicy // Agrohimicheskiy vestnik. 2020. № 2. S. 68-72. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/GHSAEN
8. Ivanova M.V. Vliyanie azotnyh nekornevyh podkormok na urozhaynost' i kachestvo zerna pshenicy yarovoy na lugovo-chernozemnoy pochve // Puti povysheniya effektivnosti udobreniy, kachestva rastenievodcheskoy produkcii i plodorodiya pochvy: Mezhdunarodnaya nauchno-prakticheskaya konferenciya, posvyaschennaya 100-letiyu kafedry agrohimii Belorusskoy GSHA (2021 g.). Gorki, 2022. S. 86-89. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/LWHZSQ
9. Effektivnost' azotnyh udobreniy na raznyh sortah pshenicy v predgornoy zone Kryma / A.V. Il'in, E.V. Gorbunova, R.V. Gorbunov, I.S. Ismailov // Izvestiya sel'skohozyaystvennoy nauki Tavridy. 2022. № 32(195). S. 59-65. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/DVBMSC
10. Ispol'zovanie biologicheskih udobreniy i stimulyatorov rosta pri vozdelyvanii yarovoy pshenicy / I.A. Bobrenko, V.P. Kormin, M.A. Chernyavskaya, V.I. Popova // Vestnik Omskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2023. № 3(51). S. 26-31. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/DEXJTR
11. Primenenie mineral'nyh udobreniy pod yarovuyu pshenicu pri resursosberegayuschey tehnologii vozdelyvaniya na obyknovennom chernozeme / E.P. Boldysheva, V.A. Chudinov, V.I. Popova, A.I. Bekmagambetov // Vestnik Omskogo gosudarstvennogo agrarnogo universiteta. 2020. № 2(38). S. 41-51. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ZZUEKO
12. Rahimov A.D., Mirahmedov F.Sh., Komoldinova D.T. Vliyanie mineral'nyh udobreniy na sorta zernovyh kul'tur // Sovremennye tendencii razvitiya nauki i tehnologii. 2016. № 10(4). S. 39-41. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/XAFTRP
