The aim of the research is studying of polymorphism of gene CAPN1 in cattle of Kalmyk and Kazakh white-headed breeds, belonging to the agricultural productive cooperative “Plodovitoe” of Maloderbetovsky district of the Republic of Kalmykia and the farm “Shapieva N.S.” of the Privolzhsky district of the Asrakhan region. They were taken 60 samples from Kalmyk cattle, 51 samples from Kazakh white-headed cattle. Extraction of DNA of blood samples was performed on the system of automatic extraction of nucleic acids Auto-Pure mini, Allsheng. Genotyping was performed with a device Roto-Gene Q used to carry out polymerase chain reaction on a real time. As a result of the given research among the animals of the Kalmyk cattle 14 and 36 heads with homozygous genotypes CC and CG were revealed, respectively, and 10 heads with heterozygous were revealed. In a herd of cattle of the Kazakh white-headed breed the following results: with genotype CC - 4 heads, with genotype CG - 9 heads, with genotype GG - 38 heads were obtained. Analysis of the genetic structure of the CAPN1 gene showed that the frequency of occurrence of the desired C allele in Kalmyk cattle was 2%, in the cattle of the Kazakh white-headed breed - 17%, the frequency of the G allele in the Kalmyk breed - 68%, Kazakh white-headed - 83%. The frequency of occurrence of the CC genotype was: in the Kalmyk breed - 23%, in the Kazakh white-headed 8%. The GG gene type is found with the highest frequency in both studied livestock (60-74%). The indicator of observed heterozygosity in cattle of Kalmyk (0,17) and Kazakh white-headed breeds (0,18) is almost at the same level. The fixation index in cattle of the Kalmyk and Kazakh white-headed breeds is 0,6 and 0.3, respectively, what indicates a significant lack of heterozygotes. In both of the livestock studied by us, there is an exceeding of the expected heterozygosity over the observed one.
kalmyk cattle, kazakh white-headed cattle, gene polymorphism, capn1, genotype
1. Kolpakov V.I. Vliyanie nekotoryh polimorfnyh genov na myasnuyu produktivnost' i kachestvo myasa u krupnogo rogatogo skota (obzor) // Zhivotnovodstvo i kormoproizvodstvo. 2020. № 4. S. 47-64. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/XQLTWJ
2. Analiz polimorfizma genov CAPN1 i GH u skota kazahskoy belogolovoy porody v svyazi s osobennostyami myasnoy produktivnosti / M.I. Selionova, V.R. Plahtyukova, I.I. Dmitrik [i dr.] // Glavnyy zootehnik. 2020. № 6. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/BBYLRN
3. Gabidulin V.M., Alimova S.A., Salihov A.A. Rezul'taty polimorfizma gena capn1, associirovannogo s pokazatelyami produktivnosti skota aberdin-angusskoy porody // Izvestiya OGAU. 2019. № 5 (79). S. 238-240. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/THCIEI
4. Makaev Sh.A., Gerasimov N.P. Vliyanie genotipa bykov-otcov kazahskoy belogolovoy porody po genam CAPN1, CAST i TG5 na kachestvennye pokazateli myasa u potomkov // Zhivotnovodstvo i kormoproizvodstvo. 2020. № 3. S. 102-113. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/STEBLL
5. Surzhikova E.S., Dubovskova M.P., Gerasimov N.P. Polimorfizm genov CAPN1 (C.316 C > G), TG5 (C. 422C > T), GH (C. 2141C > G), LEP (C. 73C > T) u molodnyaka myasnogo skota gerefordskoy porody stavropol'skoy populyacii // Zhivotnovodstvo i kormoproizvodstvo. 2021. № 4. S. 67-78. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ENTUGU
6. Gurinovich G.V., Hrenov V.A., Patrakova I.S. Sravnitel'naya ocenka kachestva govyadiny v zavisimosti ot usloviy sozrevaniya // Polzunovskiy vestnik. 2022. № 1. S. 73-78. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/JJBYWC
7. Issledovanie polimorfizma RS17872000 v genah kal'paina (CAPN1) i RS109221039 kal'pastatina (CAST) u krupnogo rogatogo skota myasnogo napravleniya produktivnosti / E.L. Romanishko, A.I. Kireeva, M.E. Mihaylova [i dr.] // Molekulyarnaya i prikladnaya genetika. 2022. T. 32. S. 88-96. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/BHCDBW
8. Dzhulamanov, K., Gerasimov, N., Dubovskova, M., & Baktygalieva, A. (2019). Polymorphisms of CAPN1, CAST, GDF5, TG5 and GH genes in Russian Hereford cattle. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 25(2), 375-379. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ZBWIXR
9. Tyulebaev S.D., Kadysheva M.D. Vliyanie polimorfnyh genov na kachestvennye pokazateli myasnoy produkcii // Vestnik RGATU. 2021. № 2. S. 50-56. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ZXAPAJ
10. Gill J.L., Bishop S.C., McCorquodale C., Williams J.L., Wiener P. Association of selected SNP with carcass and taste panel assessed meat quality traits in a commercial population of Aberdeen Angus-sired beef cattle. Genet Sel Evol. 2009 Jun 25;41(1):36.https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-41-36. PMID: 19555501; PMCID: PMC2714298. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9686-41-36.;PMCID EDN: https://elibrary.ru/SOFJHU PMID: 19555501
11. Juszczuk-Kubiak E., Sakowski T., Flisikowski K., Wiciñska K., Oprz'dek J., Rosochacki S.J. Bovine µ-calpain (CAPN1) gene: new SNP within intron 14. J. Appl. Genet. 45(4), 2004, pp. 457-460.
12. Polimorfizm genov myasnoy produktivnosti i ego ispol'zovanie v selekcii krupnogo rogatogo skota / M.I. Selionova, L.N. Chizhova, G.T. Bobryshova [i dr.] // Materialy 83-y Mezhdunar. nauch.-prakt. konf. "Innovacionnye tehnologii v sel'skom hozyaystve, veterinarii i pischevoy promyshlennosti". Sb. tr. konf. 2018. S. 302-308.
13. Evstaf'eva L.V., Evstaf'ev D.M. Polimorfizm gena kal'paina i ego svyaz' so skorost'yu rosta telochek aberdin-angusskoy porody // Materialy Mezhdunar. nauch. konf. molodyh uchenyh i specialistov, posvyasch. 135-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya A.N. Kostyakova: sb. st. 2022. T. 1.S 284-288. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/KDPWEQ
14. DNK-genotipirovanie po genam CAPN1, GH, LEP remontnogo molodnyaka krupnogo rogatogo skota myasnogo napravleniya produktivnosti / E.S. Surzhikova, D.D. Evlagina, T.N. Mihaylenko [i dr.] // Sel'skohozyaystvennyy zhurnal. 2023. № 2 (16). S. 108-116. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/UGZRYD
15. DNK-analiz polimorfizma genov miostatina, leptina i kal'paina 1 u rossiyskoy populyacii krupnogo rogatogo skota aberdin-angusskoy porody / E.N. Konovalova, M.I. Selionova., E.A. Gladyr' [i dr.] // Sel'skohozyaystvennaya biologiya. 2023. T. 58. № 4. S. 622-637. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/KVFATF
16. Sonich N.A. Tehnologicheskie svoystva govyadiny gereford h cherno-pestryh bykov v zavisimosti ot genotipov po genam miostatina (MSTN), tireoglobulina (TG5) i kal'paina (CAPN1) // Zhivotnovodstvo i veterinarnaya medicina. 2021. № 3. C. 22-25. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/LZISGB
17. Kayumov F.G., Tret'yakova R.F., Tret'yakova N.A. Polimorfizm genov CAPN1, GH, TG5 i LEP u molodnyaka novogo myasnogo tipa aduchi // Izvestiya OGAU. 2021. №5 (91). S. 206-210. EDN: https://elibrary.ru/WYNMDS
