Among the means that significantly increase the yield of agricultural crops, it is worth noting the urea ammonia mixture (UAM). It contains 3 forms of nitrogen, primarily nitrite (NO3), ammonium (NH4), and amide nitrogen (NH2). The production of UAM is associated with the dissolution of a pair of dry substances in water, the so-called reagents. In our case, this is ammonium nitrate and urea. For high-quality dissolution of these components, special equipment is required that can withstand an aggressive environment. To reduce the time of contact of operators with such an environment, manual, semi-automatic or automatic process control is assumed. The solution heating unit, the main reactor and the circulation pump are also important elements of the UAM production technology. The purpose of this study is to substantiate the equipment parameters to increase the productivity of obtaining a solution of UAM. This article presents an analysis of heating methods for the productivity of UAM 32 preparation. The characteristics of the solution with changes in the preparation technology are presented. The quality of the solution, the speed and completeness of dissolution of dry components are significantly affected by the cooling reaction. Therefore, it is extremely important to be able to control the effect of heat on the solution during production. In the experiment, various methods and combinations of preparing urea ammonia mixture were tested. As a result of the experiment, it was found that it is impossible to obtain KAS 32 without heating, preliminary heating of water gives an extremely small increase in the mixing speed, the productivity of the heat exchanger is extremely low, a vertical boiler allows you to save space on the frame, but the speed of preparing the solution is very low. Horizontal boilers allow you to reduce the preparation time even more. According to the results of the experiment, the best boiler for preparing KAS 32 was a two-pass horizontal boiler.
boiler, urea ammonia mixture, heat exchanger, heating, fertilizer
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