The article examines the genotypes of the red steppe breed calves and cows in the Ermak Agricultural production cooperative in the Novovarshavsky district of the Omsk region for the frequency of milk production marker genes and genetic abnormalities. Based on the conducted research, the main requirements for the selection of calves for the replacement group and cows for the breeding group were determined. The aim of the work is to study the genotypes of young cattle by gene markers of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of milk, as well as to determine the carrier of genetic abnormalities. The following calves were examined: 150 red steppe breed calves (from birth to one month of age) with different bloodlines according to Holsteins. In the animals studied, the occurence proportion of the A allele of the kappa-casein gene is more than half - 0.522, the occurrence proportion of the B allele is 0.267. In the herd, there is also a manifestation of allele E, which is "transitional" between alleles A and B, the occurrence proportion is 0.211. Allele A of the beta-lactoglobulin gene is characterized by a high indicator whey protein in milk. In animals, the heterozygous AB genotype is 0.526, and the homozygous AA genotype is 0.415 for the beta-lactoglobulin gene. The incidence of the autosomal recessive lethal genetic defect carriers in cows of Holstein haplotype 4 (HH4) in the study group was 0.037. When directing breeding work to increase the abundance of livestock, it is advisable to form a breeding group with animals with genotypes BLG AA and BLG AB . In order to prevent an increase in the genetic load in the herd, it is not recommended to form a breeding group with animals carrying genetic anomalies. In the absence of this possibility, it is necessary to tighten control over the genetic assessments of the breeding bulls being fixed for carrying genetic defects.
repair young animals, calves, cows, genotype, marker genes, allele, breeding, selection
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